Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin has finalized EIP-7983, proposing a per-transaction gas limit cap of 16.77 million units (2²⁴) to mitigate the risk of denial-of-service (DoS) attacks. The cap prevents any single transaction from consuming an entire block’s gas, enhancing network stability and fairness. Transactions exceeding this limit would be rejected during mempool and block validation. The change also aligns Ethereum with modular architecture trends, improving compatibility with zero-knowledge virtual machines (zkVMs). By enforcing a gas ceiling, Ethereum aims to reduce congestion risks, increase security, and maintain predictable network performance as usage and transaction complexity continue to grow.